For an introduction to GIS, you can follow along using the mapping/ArcGIS presentation.
There are three guides for the georeferencing portion of this workshop (QGIS guides, but will be demonstrated with ArcMap): Access the first guide here. Access the second guide here. Access the third guide here.
Here is a guide for ArcGIS using an alternative example (the materials that the guide refers to can be downloaded here).
For the second portion of this workshop (joining tabular data to a shapefile), please access the data here.
You can download the handout with step-by-step notes from this portion of the workshop here.